Public DNS servers: the full list

Every major public DNS server in one reference, with real IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, privacy notes, and guidance on choosing and switching.

Updated 9 min read

What is a public DNS server?

A public DNS server is a free resolver anyone can configure a device or router to use instead of the one assigned by their internet provider. Providers like Cloudflare, Google, and Quad9 run these resolvers openly, publish their addresses, and document what they log.

Public DNS servers exist because the resolver an internet provider hands out by default is not always the fastest, most private, or most reliable option available. Switching is free, reversible in seconds, and does not require installing anything.

Compare public DNS servers

46 public resolvers, each with a different balance of speed, privacy, and content filtering. Click a name for the full write-up.

Cloudflare DNS

Cloudflare

The fastest major resolver on most connections, with a strong no-logging privacy stance and no default filtering.

Primary
1.1.1.1
Secondary
1.0.0.1
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no
Read the full review

Cloudflare speed with built-in malware and adult-content blocking — a fast, simple family-safe option.

Primary
1.1.1.3
Secondary
1.0.0.3
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : yes
Read the full review

A globally distributed, extremely reliable resolver. Uses EDNS Client Subnet, which helps CDN routing at a small privacy cost.

Primary
8.8.8.8
Secondary
8.8.4.4
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no
Read the full review

Quad9

Quad9 Foundation

A security-first non-profit resolver that blocks known malicious domains and keeps no source-IP logs.

Primary
9.9.9.9
Secondary
149.112.112.112
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no
Read the full review

OpenDNS

Cisco

A long-established resolver with phishing protection and optional content filtering, backed by Cisco's network.

Primary
208.67.222.222
Secondary
208.67.220.220
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : yes
Read the full review

AdGuard DNS

AdGuard

Blocks ads, trackers, and malware for every device on your network without installing anything.

Primary
94.140.14.14
Secondary
94.140.15.15
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no
Read the full review

CleanBrowsing

CleanBrowsing

Tiered filtering (security, family, adult) that is popular for schools and family networks.

Primary
185.228.168.9
Secondary
185.228.169.9
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : yes

Control D

Windscribe

Highly customizable free resolvers — pick unfiltered, malware-blocking, ad-blocking, or family in one click.

Primary
76.76.2.0
Secondary
76.76.10.0
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : yes

Alternate DNS

Alternate DNS

A simple ad-blocking resolver for people who want fewer ads without installing software.

Primary
76.76.19.19
Secondary
76.223.122.150
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no

AliDNS

Alibaba Cloud

Alibaba Cloud's fast recursive resolver with wide coverage across Asia, supporting DoH, DoT, and DoQ.

Primary
223.5.5.5
Secondary
223.6.6.6
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

DNSPod Public DNS

Tencent

Tencent's BGP-anycast resolver optimized for Chinese ISP peering, with DoH and DoT support.

Primary
119.29.29.29
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

DNS.SB

xTom

A free, privacy-first resolver on xTom's global anycast network with DoH and DoT.

Primary
185.222.222.222
Secondary
45.11.45.11
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Mullvad DNS

Mullvad VPN

Mullvad's free, encrypted-only public resolver (DoH/DoT). The default endpoint applies no filtering.

Primary
194.242.2.2
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

360 Secure DNS

Qihoo 360

Qihoo 360's security-oriented resolver with threat and phishing protection, supporting DoH and DoT.

Primary
101.226.4.6
Secondary
218.30.118.6
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Restena Public DNS

Fondation RESTENA

A neutral recursive resolver run by Luxembourg's national research and education network foundation.

Primary
158.64.1.29
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

DNS4EU (Protective)

DNS4EU consortium

An EU-funded, GDPR-compliant resolver; the default Protective tier blocks malware and phishing domains.

Primary
86.54.11.1
Secondary
86.54.11.201
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

UncensoredDNS

UncensoredDNS

A free, community-run uncensored resolver in Denmark, created in response to DNS censorship.

Primary
91.239.100.100
Secondary
89.233.43.71
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

LibreDNS

LibreOps

A privacy-focused, no-logs resolver from LibreOps (Greece), with an optional ad and tracker blocking endpoint.

Primary
116.202.176.26
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no

NextDNS

NextDNS Inc.

A configurable cloud resolver — the generic addresses give no-setup resolution, while custom ad, malware, and family filtering use a free account.

Primary
45.90.28.0
Secondary
45.90.30.0
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : yes

Digitale Gesellschaft

Digitale Gesellschaft (CH)

A Swiss digital-rights NGO's privacy-first, unfiltered, encrypted-only public resolver.

Primary
185.95.218.42
Secondary
185.95.218.43
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

SWITCH Public DNS

SWITCH

A free resolver from Switzerland's research-and-education network with a built-in DNS firewall that blocks malicious domains.

Primary
130.59.31.248
Secondary
130.59.31.251
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Comcast Xfinity DNS

Comcast

Comcast's default anycast resolvers for Xfinity customers in the United States.

Primary
75.75.75.75
Secondary
75.75.76.76
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

CIRA Canadian Shield

CIRA

A free Canadian DNS firewall from the .ca registry; the Protected tier blocks malware and phishing.

Primary
149.112.121.20
Secondary
149.112.122.20
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

DNS for Family

DNS for Family

A free family-focused resolver that blocks adult content and enforces safe search, plus malware, ad, and gambling filtering.

Primary
94.130.180.225
Secondary
78.47.64.161
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : yes

Yandex DNS

Yandex

Public DNS from Yandex, offered in Basic, Safe (malware/phishing), and Family (adult-content) modes.

Primary
77.88.8.8
Secondary
77.88.8.1
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Level 3 / Lumen (4.2.2.x)

Lumen (formerly Level 3)

Long-standing anycast resolvers in Level 3 (now Lumen) address space, widely used as 4.2.2.1–4.2.2.6 but never an official product.

Primary
4.2.2.1
Secondary
4.2.2.2
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Vercara UltraDNS Public

Vercara (DigiCert)

Free recursive DNS formerly run as Verisign Public DNS (64.6.64.6), now operated by Vercara on the UltraDNS anycast network, in unfiltered, threat, and family tiers.

Primary
64.6.64.6
Secondary
64.6.65.6
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Comodo Secure DNS

Comodo

A security-focused resolver that blocks known malware, phishing, and other malicious domains.

Primary
8.26.56.26
Secondary
8.20.247.20
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Hurricane Electric DNS

Hurricane Electric

A free anycast resolver from IPv6 backbone operator Hurricane Electric, with strong native IPv6 support.

Primary
74.82.42.42
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

DNS.WATCH

DNS.WATCH

A free, uncensored German resolver focused on privacy, with DNSSEC and no query logging.

Primary
84.200.69.80
Secondary
84.200.70.40
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Quad101

TWNIC

A free resolver run by Taiwan's domain registry TWNIC, with DNSSEC over plain DNS, DoT, and DoH.

Primary
101.101.101.101
Secondary
101.102.103.104
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

DNSforge

adminForge

A donation-funded German resolver that blocks ads, tracking, and malware by default, with DNSSEC.

Primary
176.9.93.198
Secondary
176.9.1.117
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no

FDN (French Data Network)

French Data Network

An open, non-filtering resolver from France's oldest non-profit ISP association, with DNSSEC over plain DNS, DoT, and DoH.

Primary
80.67.169.12
Secondary
80.67.169.40
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

BlahDNS

BlahDNS

A hobby-run ad-blocking resolver with servers in Germany and Singapore, offering DoH, DoT, DoQ, and DNSCrypt.

Primary
78.46.244.143
Secondary
46.250.226.242
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no

Tiarap

Tiarap

A privacy-first resolver that blocks ads, trackers, malware, and phishing, with DoH, DoT, DoQ, and DNSCrypt.

Primary
174.138.21.128
Secondary
188.166.206.224
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no

Freifunk München (ffmuc)

Freie Netze München e.V.

A non-profit, non-filtering privacy resolver from Freifunk München, with servers in Munich and Vienna.

Primary
5.1.66.255
Secondary
185.150.99.255
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Nawala ChildProtection

Nawala

An Indonesian family-safe resolver that blocks pornography, gambling, phishing, and malware.

Primary
180.131.144.144
Secondary
180.131.145.145
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : yes

SafeDNS

SafeDNS

A cloud DNS-filtering service whose free resolver blocks malicious domains, with configurable categories via an account.

Primary
195.46.39.39
Secondary
195.46.39.40
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : yes

Gcore Public DNS

Gcore

A free anycast resolver from Gcore focused on fast resolution across its global edge network.

Primary
95.85.95.85
Secondary
2.56.220.2
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

CZ.NIC ODVR

CZ.NIC

CZ.NIC's Open DNSSEC Validating Resolvers — a free resolver run by the Czech national registry with DNSSEC and encrypted transport.

Primary
193.17.47.1
Secondary
185.43.135.1
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

OpenBLD DNS

OpenBLD Project

A Kazakhstan-based DoH/DoT-only resolver that blocks ads, trackers, and malware using public threat feeds. Encrypted transport only — no plain-DNS IP.

DNS-over-HTTPS
https://ada.openbld.net/dns-query
DNS-over-TLS
ada.openbld.net
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no

IIJ Public DNS

Internet Initiative Japan

A free DoH/DoT beta resolver from Japanese ISP IIJ (offered through March 2027). Encrypted transport only — no plain-DNS IP.

DNS-over-HTTPS
https://public.dns.iij.jp/dns-query
DNS-over-TLS
public.dns.iij.jp
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Applied Privacy

Foundation for Applied Privacy

A non-profit Austrian resolver offering DNS-over-HTTPS and DNS-over-TLS only — it deliberately does not run plain DNS.

DNS-over-HTTPS
https://doh.applied-privacy.net/query
DNS-over-TLS
dot1.applied-privacy.net
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

RethinkDNS

RethinkDNS

An open-source, serverless DoH resolver on Cloudflare Workers. The bare endpoint resolves unfiltered; 190+ optional ad, malware, and family blocklists activate via a config. Encrypted transport only.

DNS-over-HTTPS
https://sky.rethinkdns.com/dns-query
  • No-log : yes
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : no
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : no

Comss.one DNS

Comss.one

A free Russian ad- and malware-blocking resolver offering plain DNS, DoH, DoT, and DoQ.

Primary
83.220.169.155
Secondary
212.109.195.93
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : yes
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : yes
  • Family filter : no

FlashStart

FlashStart Group

An Italian content-filtering resolver for malware and family/content control. It only answers normally for public IPs first registered (free) in its Cloud Panel.

Primary
185.236.104.104
Secondary
185.236.105.105
  • No-log : no
  • DNSSEC : no
  • Malware blocking : yes
  • Ad blocking : no
  • Family filter : yes

Feature comparison

A quick way to compare logging, DNSSEC, and filtering side by side.

Feature comparison of public DNS resolvers
Provider Primary DNS No logsDNSSECMalwareAdsFamily
Cloudflare DNS 1.1.1.1 Yes Yes No No No
Cloudflare for Families 1.1.1.3 Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Google Public DNS 8.8.8.8 No Yes No No No
Quad9 9.9.9.9 Yes Yes Yes No No
OpenDNS 208.67.222.222 No Yes Yes No Yes
AdGuard DNS 94.140.14.14 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
CleanBrowsing 185.228.168.9 Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Control D 76.76.2.0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Alternate DNS 76.76.19.19 Yes Yes No Yes No
AliDNS 223.5.5.5 No Yes No No No
DNSPod Public DNS 119.29.29.29 No No No No No
DNS.SB 185.222.222.222 Yes Yes No No No
Mullvad DNS 194.242.2.2 Yes Yes No No No
360 Secure DNS 101.226.4.6 No No Yes No No
Restena Public DNS 158.64.1.29 Yes Yes No No No
DNS4EU (Protective) 86.54.11.1 No Yes Yes No No
UncensoredDNS 91.239.100.100 Yes Yes No No No
LibreDNS 116.202.176.26 Yes Yes No Yes No
NextDNS 45.90.28.0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Digitale Gesellschaft 185.95.218.42 Yes Yes No No No
SWITCH Public DNS 130.59.31.248 No Yes Yes No No
Comcast Xfinity DNS 75.75.75.75 No Yes No No No
CIRA Canadian Shield 149.112.121.20 No Yes Yes No No
DNS for Family 94.130.180.225 No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yandex DNS 77.88.8.8 No No No No No
Level 3 / Lumen (4.2.2.x) 4.2.2.1 No No No No No
Vercara UltraDNS Public 64.6.64.6 No Yes No No No
Comodo Secure DNS 8.26.56.26 No No Yes No No
Hurricane Electric DNS 74.82.42.42 No No No No No
DNS.WATCH 84.200.69.80 Yes Yes No No No
Quad101 101.101.101.101 Yes Yes No No No
DNSforge 176.9.93.198 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
FDN (French Data Network) 80.67.169.12 Yes Yes No No No
BlahDNS 78.46.244.143 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Tiarap 174.138.21.128 Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Freifunk München (ffmuc) 5.1.66.255 Yes Yes No No No
Nawala ChildProtection 180.131.144.144 No No Yes No Yes
SafeDNS 195.46.39.39 No No Yes No Yes
Gcore Public DNS 95.85.95.85 Yes No No No No
CZ.NIC ODVR 193.17.47.1 No Yes No No No
OpenBLD DNS DoH only No Yes Yes Yes No
IIJ Public DNS DoH only Yes Yes No No No
Applied Privacy DoH only Yes Yes No No No
RethinkDNS DoH only Yes No No No No
Comss.one DNS 83.220.169.155 No Yes Yes Yes No
FlashStart 185.236.104.104 No No Yes No Yes

IPv4 and IPv6 addresses

The addresses to enter in your router or device's DNS settings. IPv6 is optional — only set it if your network already uses IPv6.

Provider Primary IPv4 Secondary IPv4 Primary IPv6 Secondary IPv6
Cloudflare DNS 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1 2606:4700:4700::1111 2606:4700:4700::1001
Cloudflare for Families 1.1.1.3 1.0.0.3 2606:4700:4700::1113 2606:4700:4700::1003
Google Public DNS 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 2001:4860:4860::8888 2001:4860:4860::8844
Quad9 9.9.9.9 149.112.112.112 2620:fe::fe 2620:fe::9
OpenDNS 208.67.222.222 208.67.220.220 2620:119:35::35 2620:119:53::53
AdGuard DNS 94.140.14.14 94.140.15.15 2a10:50c0::ad1:ff 2a10:50c0::ad2:ff
CleanBrowsing 185.228.168.9 185.228.169.9 2a0d:2a00:1::2 2a0d:2a00:2::2
Control D 76.76.2.0 76.76.10.0 2606:1a40:: 2606:1a40:1::
Alternate DNS 76.76.19.19 76.223.122.150 2602:fcbc::ad 2602:fcbc:2::ad
AliDNS 223.5.5.5 223.6.6.6 2400:3200::1 2400:3200:baba::1
DNSPod Public DNS 119.29.29.29 2402:4e00::
DNS.SB 185.222.222.222 45.11.45.11 2a09:: 2a11::
Mullvad DNS 194.242.2.2 2a07:e340::2
360 Secure DNS 101.226.4.6 218.30.118.6
Restena Public DNS 158.64.1.29 2001:a18:1::29
DNS4EU (Protective) 86.54.11.1 86.54.11.201 2a13:1001::86:54:11:1 2a13:1001::86:54:11:201
UncensoredDNS 91.239.100.100 89.233.43.71 2001:67c:28a4:: 2a01:3a0:53:53::
LibreDNS 116.202.176.26 2a01:4f8:1c0c:8274::1
NextDNS 45.90.28.0 45.90.30.0 2a07:a8c0:: 2a07:a8c1::
Digitale Gesellschaft 185.95.218.42 185.95.218.43 2a05:fc84::42 2a05:fc84::43
SWITCH Public DNS 130.59.31.248 130.59.31.251 2001:620:0:ff::2 2001:620:0:ff::3
Comcast Xfinity DNS 75.75.75.75 75.75.76.76 2001:558:feed::1 2001:558:feed::2
CIRA Canadian Shield 149.112.121.20 149.112.122.20 2620:10a:80bb::20 2620:10a:80bc::20
DNS for Family 94.130.180.225 78.47.64.161 2a01:4f8:1c0c:40db::1 2a01:4f8:1c17:4df8::1
Yandex DNS 77.88.8.8 77.88.8.1 2a02:6b8::feed:0ff 2a02:6b8:0:1::feed:0ff
Level 3 / Lumen (4.2.2.x) 4.2.2.1 4.2.2.2
Vercara UltraDNS Public 64.6.64.6 64.6.65.6 2620:74:1b::1:1 2620:74:1c::2:2
Comodo Secure DNS 8.26.56.26 8.20.247.20
Hurricane Electric DNS 74.82.42.42 2001:470:20::2
DNS.WATCH 84.200.69.80 84.200.70.40 2001:1608:10:25::1c04:b12f 2001:1608:10:25::9249:d69b
Quad101 101.101.101.101 101.102.103.104 2001:de4::101 2001:de4::102
DNSforge 176.9.93.198 176.9.1.117 2a01:4f8:151:34aa::198 2a01:4f8:141:316d::117
FDN (French Data Network) 80.67.169.12 80.67.169.40 2001:910:800::12 2001:910:800::40
BlahDNS 78.46.244.143 46.250.226.242 2a01:4f8:c17:ec67::1 2407:3640:2205:1668::1
Tiarap 174.138.21.128 188.166.206.224 2400:6180:0:d0::5f6e:4001
Freifunk München (ffmuc) 5.1.66.255 185.150.99.255 2001:678:e68:f000:: 2001:678:ed0:f000::
Nawala ChildProtection 180.131.144.144 180.131.145.145
SafeDNS 195.46.39.39 195.46.39.40
Gcore Public DNS 95.85.95.85 2.56.220.2 2a03:90c0:999d::1 2a03:90c0:9992::1
CZ.NIC ODVR 193.17.47.1 185.43.135.1 2001:148f:ffff::1 2001:148f:fffe::1
OpenBLD DNS DoH / DoT only
IIJ Public DNS DoH / DoT only
Applied Privacy DoH / DoT only
RethinkDNS DoH / DoT only
Comss.one DNS 83.220.169.155 212.109.195.93
FlashStart 185.236.104.104 185.236.105.105

How to choose a public DNS server

Start with what you actually need, then narrow the list:

  • Just want it fast. Cloudflare and Google are both fast on most connections and widely reliable. Run the speed test to see which is faster from where you are.
  • Want built-in protection. Quad9 blocks known-malicious domains with no filtering opinions beyond security. AdGuard adds ad and tracker blocking. OpenDNS and CleanBrowsing offer configurable family filtering. See the full breakdown on best DNS for gaming and best DNS for privacy.
  • Care most about privacy. Look for noLogging in the comparison table above and read the provider's own privacy policy — link is on every provider's detail page.
  • Running a household or small office. Pick one resolver and set it at the router, so every device benefits without individual configuration. See the router setup guide.

Privacy considerations: logging and ECS

Every DNS lookup you make passes through whichever resolver you use, which puts that resolver in a position to see which domains you visit. Two things matter most when judging a provider's privacy stance:

  • Query logging. Some resolvers keep no logs tied to your IP address at all; others retain a temporary sample for abuse detection, or a longer-term anonymized log. The comparison table's "No logs" column and each provider's privacyNote reflect what they publicly state — always check the provider's own privacy policy for the current, precise terms.
  • EDNS Client Subnet (ECS). ECS is an extension that passes a portion of your IP address to the authoritative server answering a query, so a content delivery network can route you to a closer server. It can slightly improve performance for CDN-heavy sites, but it also shares more of your network location than a plain DNS query would. Resolvers that support ECS are marked in the provider list above; most privacy-focused resolvers disable it by default.

None of this is unique to public DNS — your internet provider's default resolver sees the same queries and is rarely as transparent about logging. Switching to a resolver with a published, readable privacy policy is usually a step up, not a risk.

How to switch your DNS server

DNS can be set at the device level (affects only that device) or the router level (affects every device on the network). Router-level is usually the more convenient choice for a home or office. Step-by-step instructions are available for:

Public DNS servers — questions

What is a public DNS server?

A public DNS server is a free, internet-facing resolver that anyone can point their device or router at, instead of using the resolver assigned automatically by an internet provider. Cloudflare, Google, and Quad9 are common examples.

Is it safe to use a public DNS server?

Yes, for any of the established providers listed on this page. Each has a published privacy policy describing what it logs. The main risk is picking an obscure, undocumented resolver — stick to providers that state their logging practices clearly.

Do I need both a primary and secondary address?

Most operating systems ask for two addresses so lookups can continue if one server is briefly unreachable. Use the primary and secondary from the same provider — mixing providers works but complicates troubleshooting and offers no real benefit.

Will switching DNS servers make my internet faster?

It can shorten the delay before a new site starts loading, since that delay includes a DNS lookup — see the callout above, in the switching section, for exactly what that does and doesn't change.